Urine formation helps to maintain the balance of minerals and other substances in the body. For example, excess of calcium is normally eliminated through the Urine . Urine also excretes ammonia, the build-up of which is harmful to the body. In addition, Urine is the result of a mechanism that maintains the appropriate amount of water in the body.
A urinalysis (or "UA") is an array of tests performed on urine and one of the most common methods of medical diagnosis. A part of a urinalysis can be performed by using urine dipsticks, in which the test results can be read as color changes. Typical test on the strip include: glucose, Ketones, Blood, Protein, Nitrite, pH, Urobilinogen , Bilirubin , Leukocyte(s) and Specific gravity .
Latest Human Urine Research includes:
Human Urine Research: Normal Urine contains thousands of proteins, largely due to the presence of 'exosomes,' tiny vesicles secreted into the Urine by renal epithelial cells. These exosomes, demonstrated by Keller and colleagues to be also retrievable from amniotic fluid, offer great promise for future disease biomarker discovery studies.REf: Kidney International (2007) 72, 1043–1045. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5002510
Detection of Transcript for Brain-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein in Tumors and Urine of Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma. Urology, Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 236-240
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